Place Demonstratives
ここ / そこ / あそこ(場所の指示詞)
1. What are place demonstratives?
Japanese uses ここ / そこ / あそこ
to show where something is.
■Structure
ここ / そこ / あそこ + particle
These words must be used with particles
to form sentences.
ここ + は
そこ + は
あそこ + は
In this lesson, we use the particle は
to keep the structure simple.
We focus on the distance of place demonstratives.
You will learn how to use other particles in a later lesson.
2. Lesson goal
In this lesson, you will learn how to
choose between ここ / そこ / あそこ
based on distance.
You will learn:
• the difference between ここ / そこ / あそこ
• how to choose the correct word.
3. Basic pattern (Distance)
ここ
near the speaker
ここは がっこう です。
This is a school.
⸻
そこ
near the listener
そこは えき です。
That is a station.
⸻
あそこ
far from both
あそこは こうえん です。
That is a park.
4. Connection with Lesson 007
The distance is the same as これ / それ / あれ.
ここ = これ(near the speaker)
そこ = それ(near the listener)
あそこ = あれ(far from both)
5. Basic sentences
These words are used as nouns.
ここは こうえん です。
This is a park.
そこは えき です。
That is a station.
あそこは がっこう です。
That is a school.
6. Do not omit the particle は
Correct
ここは こうえん です。
Wrong
✖ ここ こうえん です。
It is unnatural because the particle “は” is missing.
7. Questions
ここは なに ですか?
What is this place?
そこは えき ですか?
Is that a station?
あそこは がっこう ですか?
Is that a school?
8. Key points
・ここ = near the speaker
・そこ = near the listener
・あそこ = far from both
・These words show location
In this lesson, the particle used is 「は」.
Other particles will be learned in future lessons.
11. Final message
Focus on these patterns:
ここは〜です。
This is ~
そこは〜です。
That is ~(near the listener)
あそこは〜です。
That is ~(far from both)
ここは なに ですか?
What is this place?
そこは〜ですか?
Is that ~?(near the listener)
あそこは〜ですか?
Is that ~?(far from both)
Say these sentences out loud.